La Rosa, Valentina Lucia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-6777
Zuppelli, Giordana
Commodari, Elena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7647-8743
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università degli Studi di Catania
Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 23 April 2026
First Online: 2 May 2026
Declarations
:
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Internal Ethic Review Board of Psychology Research (IERB) of the Department of Educational Sciences of the University of Catania, under approval reference number Ierb-Edunict-2025.04.24/04.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The authors confirm that all individuals provided explicit consent for the publication of their data in accordance with the journal’s guidelines.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.