Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72372054)
Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (2024A1515030218)
Guangdong Office of Philosophy and Social Science (GD24CGL30)
Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China (22YJC630130)
Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China (24YJC128129)
the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities (21JP102)
the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities (22JP072)
Article History
Received: 11 August 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 25 May 2026
Declarations
:
: Before the survey, we obtained approval from the ethics committee of the first author’s university.
: Yes.
: We have obtained consent from our participants before they answered our questionnaires.
: Yes. We have obtained consent to participate and consent to publish from our participants before they answered our questionnaires.
: None.