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Article History

Accepted: 4 February 2025

First Online: 18 February 2025

Declarations

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: Saeid Mirzai is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (T32-HL-076132). Robert C. Block is site PI for the Novartis-sponsored clinical trial study called “A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial assessing the impact of lipoprotein(a) lowering with pelacarsen (TQJ230) on the progression of calcific aortic valve stenosis [Lp(a)FRONTIERS CAVS]”, and the Lilly-sponsored study called “J3L-MC-EZEF: A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Investigate the Effect of Lepodisiran on the Reduction of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Adults with Elevated Lipoprotein(a) who have Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease or Are at Risk for a First Cardiovascular Event – ACCLAIM-Lp(a)”. He has given talks, at scientific sessions, in which lipoprotein(a) was a focus but did not receive compensation for these from pharmaceutical companies. Michael D. Shapiro is supported by institutional grants from Amgen, Arrowhead, Boehringer Ingelheim, 89Bio, Esperion, Novartis, Ionis, Merck, and New Amsterdam; and he has participated in Scientific Advisory Boards with Amgen, Agepha, Ionis, Novartis, New Amsterdam, and Merck. He has also served as a consultant for Ionis, Novartis, Regeneron, Aidoc, Shanghai Pharma Biotherapeutics, Kaneka, Novo Nordisk, Arrowhead, and Tourmaline. All other authors have nothing to disclose. 

: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.