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Authors
Kobayashi, Tatsuaki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1722-2403
Kawai, Satoru https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1342-3192
Goto, Masami https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-2040
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Juntendo University
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Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Revised: 15 July 2025
Accepted: 22 July 2025
First Online: 29 July 2025
Declarations
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: The author, Tatsuaki Kobayashi, is the founder of Visionary Imaging Services, Inc. There are no other conflicts of interest to disclose regarding the other authors.
: The Juntendo University Ethics Committee granted approval for this study (Approval No. 24–034; approved on September 24, 2024). As the research was a non-invasive, retrospective observational study utilizing fully anonymized data, participant enrollment was managed via an opt-out method. The study protocols adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
