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Article History

Received: 7 December 2025

Revised: 5 March 2026

Accepted: 6 March 2026

First Online: 13 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to this work.

: Ethics approval was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Kawasaki university of Medical Welfare because the study used anonymized data.

: This study did not involve human participants or identifiable human data; therefore, ethics approval and informed consent were not required.