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Article History

Received: 5 February 2025

Accepted: 27 July 2025

First Online: 5 August 2025

Declarations

:

: At the time of submission, MMB holds the courtesy title of Principal Scientist at Alpha Phase, a company that may indirectly benefit financially from the publication of this work. All research, data analysis, and primary writing of the manuscript were performed prior to the author’s affiliation with Alpha Phase. MMB also holds graduate faculty status in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University. MMB does not receive financial compensation from either entity. The remaining authors have no competing financial interests to declare. As noted, at the time of submission, MMB holds the courtesy title of Principal Scientist at Alpha Phase, which may benefit non-financially, indirectly or directly, from the publication of this work. All research, data analysis, and primary writing were performed prior to the author’s affiliation with Alpha Phase. AMF and MMB were employed by Ohio University while the research, data analysis, and primary writing of this manuscript were completed, and the institution may benefit indirectly from the publication of this manuscript. MK does not have any potential competing non-financial interests.

: Acquisition of informed consent does not apply.

: No human subjects research was performed. No animal research was performed.