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Authors
Encarnação, João https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-6639
Morais, Pedro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0861-5566
Abecasis, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-8153
Martínez-Ramírez, Lucas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-7861
Barra, Melissa https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9363-3592
Baptista, Vânia
Carere, Claudio https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-2113
Teodósio, Maria Alexandra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0939-9885
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Interreg (0755_ATLAZUL_6_E)
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDB/04326/2020, UIDP/04326/2020, LA/P/0101/2020, SFRH/BD/140556/2018, COVID/BD/153280/2023, 2023.07953.CEECIND, 2021.00956.CEECIND)
HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme (No. 101071300)
PRIN Project (20223EETLW)
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Article History
Received: 13 December 2024
Revised: 8 July 2025
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 16 September 2025
Declarations
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: According to the national and European laws, the research pertaining to this article does not require any research ethics permit given that the study species is an invertebrate. However, the same principles (3R's) have been applied and the authors are certified to carry out the design and implementation of projects using live animals, and for carrying out procedures on live animals. Sampling campaigns were approved by national entities, namely DGRM (permit 17/2022/DRI) and ICNF (permit 77/2022/CAPT).
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Pedro Morais is an Associate Editor of Estuaries and Coasts.
