Nam, Hyoryung
Kim, Seok-Won
Park, Rowoon
Kim, Donghwan
Rhie, Jong-Won
Kwon, Sang-Mo
Kim, Sung Won
Cho, Dong-Woo
Jung, Ho Sang
Jang, Jinah
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea (21A0104L1)
Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Revised: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: In this study, hASCs, hCPCs, and hTMSCs were used. hASCs were isolated from a single donor with informed consent, in accordance with the ethical approval granted by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea (IRB no. KC11TNMS0095). All study procedures involving hCPCs were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan, Korea (approval no. 2012-18). All study procedures involving hTMSCs were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea (approval no. HC13TISI0038).