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Article History

Received: 24 February 2026

Accepted: 30 March 2026

First Online: 10 April 2026

Declarations

:

: HS received honoraria from Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, AstraZeneca, and Pfizer, and medical writing support from Daiichi Sankyo outside the submitted work. MF received honoraria from Chugai and Daiichi Sankyo. TM received research funding (to the institution) from MSD, AstraZeneca, Eisai, Sanofi, Novartis Pharma, Bayer, ONO Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, Merck Biopharma, Seagen, Astellas Pharma, Sysmex, and Exact Sciences; and honoraria from Terumo, Bayer, MICIN, Kyowa Kirin, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, MI-Force, AstraZeneca, Eisai, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Shionogi, Pfizer, and Ono Pharmaceutical. He is an advisory board member of Pfizer and AstraZeneca. TaT received honoraria from Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, MSD, Eli Lilly, Novartis, and Taiho. HT received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, and Daiichi Sankyo. KS received honoraria for lectures from Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., and Qiagen, Inc., and honoraria for manuscript writing from Life Technologies Japan Ltd. NC received research funding from AstraZeneca outside the submitted work. ToT received honoraria from Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, and Gilead Sciences. JT received research funding from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., outside the submitted work; honoraria from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., AstraZeneca K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Pfizer Japan Inc., Eisai Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., MSD K.K., and Gilead Sciences, Inc.; consulting fees from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., AstraZeneca K.K., Seagen Inc., Pfizer Japan Inc., and Gilead Sciences, Inc.; and his institution received research funding from Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., MSD K.K., and Eisai Co., Ltd., outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests.

: Study protocol was approved by the institutional review board (Approval number: 21-029-B). Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.