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Study on the effects of Laser-TIG hybrid welding process parameters on keyhole stability and porosity mechanisms in 4J36 invar steel

Published Online: 2025-09-18

Published Print: 2025-12

Authors

Wang, Pengfei

Zhao, Fei

Wu, Sen

Gong, Shuili

Ma, Lifeng
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20627)

National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20627)

National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20627)

National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20627)

National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20627)

National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB3714304)

National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB3714304)

National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB3714304)

National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB3714304)

National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB3714304)

Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (202303021211195)

Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (202303021211195)

Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (202303021211195)

Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (202303021211195)

Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (202303021211195)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-09-18

Version of Record valid from 2025-09-18
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Article History

Received: 28 April 2025

Accepted: 23 August 2025

First Online: 18 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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