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A Scalable Benchmark Framework for Bilevel Optimization without Variable Separability

Published Online: 2026-06-02

Published Print: 2026-06

Authors

Jing, Yunpeng

Liu, Hai-Lin
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (62172110)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-06-01

Version of Record valid from 2026-06-01
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Article History

Received: 9 July 2025

Accepted: 10 May 2026

First Online: 2 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The author declares that there are no competing interests.

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