Sun, Tianying https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9232-9237
Lei, Pui-Wa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8179-6623
DiPerna, James Clyde https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4663-9286
Hart, Susan Crandall https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3762-8232
Zhao, Hui https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-5730
Husmann, Kyle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9875-8976
Funding for this research was provided by:
Institute of Education Sciences (R305A170047)
Article History
Accepted: 27 June 2025
First Online: 16 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interests with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Pennsylvania State University.
: Written informed consent was provided by participating teachers and the parents/legal guardians of participating students. Verbal assent also was provided by participating students.