Updates are available Correction dated 2025-09-26

Article History

Received: 3 August 2023

Accepted: 20 November 2023

First Online: 4 February 2024

Declarations

:

: Kerry L. Hancock has received speakers’ fees, consulting honoraria and/or travel grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, GlaxoSmithKline, Menarini Australia, Mylan and Novartis. Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich has received honorarium for participation in expert advisory boards and given lectures for Teva Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, GSK, Meda, Mundipharma, Sanofi, Mylan and received unrestricted research grants from Mylan, AstraZeneca, Teva and Mundipharma International. Angelina Catanzariti is an employee of AstraZeneca. Christine Jenkins, Joe Doan, Ata Kichkin, Chi Ming Lau, Dominique Novic, John Pakos, Kanchanamala Ranasinghe, Josephine Samuel-King, Bruce Willet, and Thao Le declares no conflict of interest. Anita Sharma is a practising Primary Care Physician and Senior Lecturer, School of Clinical Medicine-Primary Care Clinical Unit, University of Queensland. She supervises clinical training of primary care doctors and serves on advisory boards for Diabetes, Heart Failure and Osteoporosis for Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme and Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilley and Amgen. Eric Bateman has received honorarium for participation in advisory boards from ALK, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Regeneron and Sanofi Aventis, and for giving lectures for AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Menarini, Novartis, Orion, Regeneron and Sanofi Aventis. He is a member of the Board and Science Committee of GINA. Maarten JHI Beekman was an employee of AstraZeneca at time of study conduct. Rebecca Vella, Florian Heraud, Porsche Le Cheng, Fabio Botini, Thao Le, Chantal Le Lievre, Alex Roussos are employees of Optimum Patient Care Australia. Ruth Murray is a consultant for the Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute. Victoria Carter is an employee of Optimum Patient Care Global and has 5% shareholding of Optimum Patient Care Australia. Kirsty Fletton is an employee of Optimum Patient Care United Kingdom. David Price has advisory board membership with AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Viatris, Teva Pharmaceuticals; consultancy agreements with AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Viatris, Teva Pharmaceuticals; grants and unrestricted funding for investigator-initiated studies (conducted through Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd) from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Viatris, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, and UK National Health Service; payment for lectures/speaking engagements from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, Inside Practice, GlaxoSmithKline, Medscape, Viatris, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals; payment for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Medscape, Teva Pharmaceuticals.; stock/stock options from AKL Research and Development Ltd which produces phytopharmaceuticals; owns 74% of the social enterprise Optimum Patient Care Ltd (Australia and UK) and 92.61% of Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (Singapore); 5% shareholding in Timestamp which develops adherence monitoring technology; is peer reviewer for grant committees of the UK Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation programme, and Health Technology Assessment; and was an expert witness for GlaxoSmithKline.

: This study was approved by the Anonymised Data Ethics Protocols and Transparency (ADEPT) committee—the independent scientific advisory committee for the OPCRDA (ADEPT1819). The study was designed, implemented, and reported in compliance with the European Network Centers for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance (ENCEPP) Code of Conduct (EMA 2014; EUPAS105682) All patients provided consent sharing their de-identified data with OPCRDA for research purposes. As noted, the dataset supporting the conclusions of this article was derived from the Optimum Patient Care Research Database Australia (). The OPCRDA has ethical approval from The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) National Research and Evaluation Ethics Committee (NREEC) to hold and process anonymised research data (NREEC Reference: 18-013).