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Article History

Received: 30 April 2024

Accepted: 13 November 2024

First Online: 4 January 2025

Declarations

:

: Enrico Heffler reports receiving grants and personal fees from Sanofi, Regeneron, AstraZeneca, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Chiesi, Stallergenes-Greer, Almirall, Celltrion Healthcare, and Bosch. Francesco Blasi reports receiving grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca, Insmed, and Menarini, and personal fees from Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Grifols, Om Pharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, Vertex, Viatris, and Zambon, all outside the submitted work. Pierluigi Paggiaro received in the last 2 years personal grants for educational activities from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, GSK, Guidotti and Sanofi, and for participation to advisory board from Chiesi and GSK. Giorgio Walter Canonica reports research or clinical trials grants paid to his Institution from Menarini, AstraZeneca,GSK, Sanofi Genzyme and fees for lectures oradvisory board participation from Menarini, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Faes Farma, Firma, Genentech, Guidotti-Malesci, GSK, HAL Allergy, Innovacaremd, Novartis, OM Pharma, Red Maple, Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Stallergenes, and Uriach Pharma.

: The SANI registry study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964, and its later amendments. All patients signed an informed consent. The collected data were anonymized (all identifiers have been irreversibly removed). The protocol was approved by the Central Ethics Committee (Comitato Etico Area Vasta Nord-Ovest Toscana; protocol number: study number 1245/2016, protocol number: 73714) and all other centers’ local ethics committees. The permission to access and use the data from the registry was granted by the registry owners.