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Article History

Received: 16 October 2024

Accepted: 10 March 2025

First Online: 19 April 2025

Declarations

:

: Kanako Miyano declares no competing interests. Yasuhito Uezono received consulting fees from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. Takuhiro Yamaguchi received support for the present manuscript from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. through his institution; grants or contracts through his institution from 3H Medi Solution Inc., A2 Healthcare Corporation, AC Medical Inc., Baseconnect Inc., ClinChoice, Cordis, Hemp Kitchen Inc., Intellim Corporation, Japan Media Corporation, Japan Tobacco Inc., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Medidata Solutions, Inc., Medrio, Inc., Nipro Corporation, NTT DOCOMO, Inc., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., PSP Corporation, Puravida Technologies LLC., Solasia Pharma K.K., Tsumura & Co., and Welby Inc.; consulting fees from 3H Clinical Trial Inc., AstraZeneca K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., EPS Corporation, Intellim Corporation, Japan Tobacco Inc., Kowa Co., Ltd., Mebix, Inc., Medidata Solutions, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Public Health Research Foundation, Seikagaku Corporation, and SONIRE Therapeutics Inc.; and payments for participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Incyte Biosciences Japan G.K. Wataru Hashimoto and Satoshi Komoriya are employees of Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine (No. 2022-1-1128). This was a secondary use study of fully anonymised data from an existing database, so informed consent was not required.