Document is current

Article History

Received: 14 November 2024

Accepted: 10 March 2025

First Online: 8 April 2025

Declarations

:

: Alan Kaplan is a member of the advisory board of, or speakers bureau for, ALK, AstraZeneca, Belus, Boehringer Ingelheim, Covis, Eisai, GlaxoSmithKline, Idorsia, Merck Frosst, Moderna, Novo Nordisk, Novartis, Pfizer, Purdue, Sanofi, Teva, Trudel and Valeo. Heath Heatley, John Townend, Derek Skinner, Victoria Carter, and Richard Hubbard are employees of Observational & Pragmatic Research Institute, Singapore. Tan Tze Lee is an advisory Board Member for Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mundipharma, and Janssen. Honoraria were received for these advisory boards. Honoraria were received for speaking at CMEs for AstraZeneca in the past. Conference sponsorships from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck Serono, GlaxoSmithKline, Norvatis, Mundipharma and Merck Sharp & Dohme. Research grants from Merck Serono (Concor Study), Merck Sharp & Dohme (Apbord study). Mariko Siyue Koh reports grant support from AstraZeneca, and honoraria for lectures and advisory board meetings paid to her hospital (Singapore General Hospital) from GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Sanofi, and Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. David B. Price has advisory board membership with AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Viatris, Teva Pharmaceuticals; consultancy agreements with AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Viatris, Teva Pharmaceuticals; grants and unrestricted funding for investigator-initiated studies (conducted through Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd) from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Viatris, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, and UK National Health Service; payment for lectures/speaking engagements from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, Inside Practice, GlaxoSmithKline, Medscape, Viatris, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals; payment for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Medscape, Teva Pharmaceuticals.; owns 74% of the social enterprise Optimum Patient Care Ltd (Australia and UK) and 92.61% of Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (Singapore); is peer reviewer for grant committees of the UK Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation Programme, and Health Technology Assessment; and he was an expert witness for GlaxoSmithKline. David B. Price is an Editorial Board member of Advances in Therapy. David B Price was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: The OPCRD is approved by the Health Research Authority for clinical research use and governed by the Anonymized Data Ethics and Protocols Transparency Committee (ADEPT). This study was approved by the ADEPT committee (ADEPT0523) as an independent body of experts and regulators commissioned by the Respiratory Effectiveness Group to govern the standard of research conducted on internationally recognized databases.