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Article History

Received: 7 March 2025

Accepted: 10 April 2025

First Online: 16 May 2025

Declarations

:

: Valeria Santini has been a member of the board of directors or an advisory board for AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene, CTI, Geron, Jazz, Keros, Novartis, Servier, and Syros. Amer M. Zeidan has consulted for AbbVie, Agios, Akeso Pharma, ALX Oncology, Amgen, Astellas, BeiGene, BioCryst, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chiesi, Daiichi Sankyo, Epizyme, Faron, Genentech, Geron, Gilead, GlycoMimetics, Hikma, Janssen, Karyopharm, Kura Oncology, Kyowa Kirin, LAVA Therapeutics, Mendus, Notable Labs, Novartis, Orum, Otsuka, Pfizer, Regeneron, Rigel, Schrödinger, Servier, Sumitomo, Syndax, Syros, Taiho, Takeda, Treadwell, Vincerx, and Zentalis; has received research funding from AbbVie, Amgen, Astex, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Geron, Kura, Novartis, Otsuka, Shattuck Labs, Syros, and Takeda; and has received honoraria from AbbVie, Agios, Akeso Pharma, ALX Oncology, Amgen, Astellas, BeiGene, BioCryst, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chiesi, Daiichi Sankyo, Epizyme, Faron, Genentech, Geron, Gilead, GlycoMimetics, Hikma, Janssen, Karyopharm, Kura Oncology, Kyowa Kirin, LAVA Therapeutics, Mendus, Notable Labs, Novartis, Orum, Otsuka, Pfizer, Regeneron, Rigel, Schrödinger, Servier, Sumitomo, Syndax, Syros, Taiho, Takeda, Treadwell, Vincerx, and Zentalis. Rami S. Komrokji has participated in advisory boards for Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Jazz, PharmaEssentia, Rigel, Servier, Sobi, and Sumitomo; has received research grants from Bristol Myers Squibb; has consulted for Geron and Genentech; and has participated in speakers’ bureaux for PharmaEssentia, Rigel, Servier, and Sobi. Veronika Pozharskaya is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb and holds stock in Bristol Myers Squibb and Merck. Shelonitda Rose has received travel support from Bristol Myers Squibb and holds stock in Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene. Yinzhi Lai, Sameer Kalsekar, Barkha Aggarwal, and Karen Keeperman are employees of and hold stock in Bristol Myers Squibb. Dimana Miteva is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb. David Valcárcel has consulted for Amgen, Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene, Janssen, Jazz, Merck Sharpe & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sobi, and Takeda; has received honoraria from Amgen, Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene, Janssen, Jazz, Merck Sharpe & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sobi, and Takeda; and has received meeting and travel support from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene, Jazz, Novartis, and Sobi. Pierre Fenaux has received research funding (as the GFM chairperson) from AbbVie, Astex, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Servier; and has received honoraria from AbbVie and Bristol Myers Squibb. Jake Shortt has received research funding from Astex/Taiho; has consulted for Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Otsuka, and Pfizer; has received honoraria from Novartis and Mundipharma; and has participated on the ELEMENT trial steering committee for Bristol Myers Squibb (paid to institution). Matteo Giovanni Della Porta has received honoraria from and participated on a data safety monitoring or advisory board for Bristol Myers Squibb. Uwe Platzbecker has received grant support (paid to GWT-TUD) from Amgen and Janssen; has received lecture fees and grant support (paid to the University of Leipzig) from Amgen; has received grant support (paid to the University of Dresden) from Merck and Novartis; has consulted for AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Curis, Geron, and Novartis; has received honoraria from Bristol Myers Squibb; has received travel support from Bristol Myers Squibb; and is a member of the board of directors or an advisory board for the MDS Foundation. Guillermo Garcia-Manero has nothing to disclose.

: The trial was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and International Counsel on Harmonisation guidelines and received review board approval from each participating site’s institutional review board/ethics committee. All patients provided written informed consent documentation prior to trial entry.