Document is current

Article History

Received: 9 January 2025

Accepted: 15 April 2025

First Online: 4 June 2025

Declarations

:

: Andrew J. Cutler has acted as consultant for 4M Therapeutics, AbbVie, Acadia, Alfasigma, Alkermes, Anavex Life Sciences, Autobahn Therapeutics, Axsome, Biogen, Biohaven, Boehringer Ingelheim, Brii Biosciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cerevel, Corium, Delpor, Evolution Research Group, Intra-Cellular Therapies, J&J Innovative Medicine, Jazz Pharma, Karuna, LivaNova, Lundbeck, Luye Pharma, MapLight Therapeutics, MedAvante-ProPhase, Mentavi, Neumora, Neurocrine, Neuroscience Education Institute, NeuroSigma, Noven, Otsuka, PaxMedica, Relmada, Sage Therapeutics, Supernus, Teva, Thynk, Tris Pharma, Vanda Pharmaceuticals, and VistaGen Therapeutics; has received speaker/promotional honoraria from AbbVie, Alfasigma, Alkermes, Axsome, Bristol Myers Squibb, Corium, Intra-Cellular Therapies, J&J, Lundbeck, Neurocrine, Noven, Otsuka, Supernus, Teva, Tris Pharma, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals; holds stock options in 4M Therapeutics; and has served on a data safety monitoring board for Alar Pharma, COMPASS Pathways, Freedom Biosciences, and Pain Therapeutics. Hemangi R. Panchmatia and Michael J. Doane are or were employees of Alkermes, Inc., and may own stock/options in the company. Alejandro G. Hughes and Noah S. Webb are employees of Optum, Inc., a health services innovation company that received funding from Alkermes, Inc., to conduct this study and analyze the data used for this publication. Rakesh Jain has acted as consultant for AbbVie, Acadia, Adamas, Alfasigma, Alkermes, Almatica, Axsome, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cingulate Therapeutics, Corium, Eisai, Evidera, Impel, Janssen, Lilly, Lundbeck, Merck, Neos Therapeutics, Neurocrine Biosciences, Osmotica, Otsuka, Pamlab, Pfizer, Sage Therapeutics, Shire, Sunovion, Supernus, Takeda, Teva, Transcend Therapeutics, and Viatris; has received speaker/promotional honoraria from AbbVie, Alkermes, Almatica, Axsome, Corium, Eisai, Intra-Cellular Therapies, Ironshore Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Lilly, Lundbeck, Merck, Neos Therapeutics, Otsuka, Pamlab, Pfizer, Shire, Sunovion, Takeda, Tris Pharmaceuticals, and Viatris; has served on an advisory board for Adamas, Alkermes, Corium, Eisai, Janssen, Lilly, Lundbeck, Merck, Neos Therapeutics, Neurocrine Biosciences, Otsuka, Pamlab, Pfizer, Sage Therapeutics, Shire, Sunovion, Supernus, Takeda, and Teva; and has received research funding from AbbVie, Lilly, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer, Shire, and Takeda.

: As this study used only deidentified patient records and did not involve the collection, use, or transmittal of individually identifiable data, it was exempted from institutional review board review [].