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Authors
Boateng-Kuffour, Adriana
Li, Nanxin
Chandarana, Keval
Anupindi, Vamshi Ruthwik
Chen, Liang
Hull, Michael
Zhou, Xiaoyu
Gaglia, Jason
DeKoven, Mitch
Barber, Beth
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Vertex Pharmaceuticals
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Article History
Received: 14 October 2025
Accepted: 20 January 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
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: Adriana Boateng-Kuffour, Nanxin Li, Keval Chandarana, Liang Chen, and Beth Barber are employees of Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, and hold stocks at Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. Jason Gaglia is a consultant for Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated and an employee of Joslin Diabetes Center. Vamshi Ruthwik Anupindi, Michael Hull, Xiaoyu Zhou and Mitch DeKoven were employees of IQVIA at the time this study was conducted, which received funding from Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated for conducting this study. Michael Hull and Mitch DeKoven are no longer employed at IQVIA but have no new affiliations.
: This study used de-identified, retrospective administrative claims data and did not involve the collection or use of identifiable personal information. As such, institutional review board (IRB) approval was not required in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Necessary permissions were obtained from IQVIA to access and use the data.
