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Article History

Received: 17 March 2026

Accepted: 2 June 2026

First Online: 18 June 2026

Declarations

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Hiroaki Kitaoka has received fees from Pfizer Japan Inc., AstraZeneca K.K., Alnylam Japan K.K., Alexion Pharma GK, Bristol Myers Squibb K.K., and Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd. Miwa Enami, Kazumasa Kamei, Jun Hamada, and Akira Yuasa are full-time employees of Pfizer Japan Inc. and hold stocks from Pfizer Inc. Cynthia Khanji is a full-time employee of Pfizer Inc. and hold stocks from Pfizer Inc. Jade Garratt-Wheeldon and Jack Wright are full-time employees of Adelphi Real World.

Ethical Approval: Participants provided informed consent at the time of data collection using a checkbox. Data were collected in such a way that patients and physicians could not be identified directly. Physician and patient data were pseudo-anonymized, and a code was assigned when data were collected. Data were aggregated and deidentified before being shared for analysis and publication. Data collection was undertaken in line with European Pharmaceutical Marketing Research Association guidelines. This research was submitted to and received ethical exemption from the Pearl Institutional Review Board (IRB study number 2024–0328). Each survey was performed in full accordance with relevant legislation at the time of data collection, including the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects, the US Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act 1996, and Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act legislation.