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Authors
Short, Tracee
Lawlor, John
Martyka, Patrick
Wolf, Joshua H.
Felton, Jessica M.
Smith, Alison A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1742-3160
Nasseri, Yosef Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-5717
Barnajian, Moshe
Vassy, W. Matthew https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4419-3732
Cormican, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5099-1856
Kumar, Pranat https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7499-0254
Choi, John J. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9687-0647
Lau, Lung https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9479-9014
Loftus, John H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3832-2745
Bernal, Nicole P.
Butts, Christopher A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1380-277X
Dillingham, Claire S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-6669
Leneweaver, Kyle J. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9829-5294
Simon, Jessica https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4931-4844
Bosque, Brandon A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6563-8775
Young, D. Adam https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2868-5881
May, Barnaby C. H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9855-018X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Aroa Biosurgery Limited
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Article History
Received: 24 June 2026
Accepted: 7 August 2026
First Online: 3 September 2026
Declarations
Conflict of Interest: Tracee Short, Moshe Barnajian, Christopher A. Butts, John J. Choi, Michael Cormican, Claire S. Dillingham, Pranat Kumar, John Lawlor, Patrick Martyka, Yosef Y. Nasseri, Alison A. Smith, W. Matthew Vassy, Nicole P. Bernal, and Joshua H. Wolf are consultants for Aroa Biosurgery Limited (Auckland, New Zealand). Jessica Simon, Brandon A. Bosque, D. Adam Young, and Barnaby C. H. May are employees of Aroa Biosurgery Limited. Jessica M. Felton, John H. Loftus, Lung Lau, Christopher A. Butts, and Kyle J. Leneweaver have nothing to disclose.
Ethical Approval: Ethical oversight of the investigation was provided through a centralized institutional review board (IRB) (Advarra Inc., Maryland, USA; reference number Pro00058745; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05243966), with local site level IRB oversight as required by the participating institution (see Supplementary Material ). IRB approval included up to 15 investigational sites and up to 800 subjects. All patients provided written informed consent for all procedures and for their images and data to be used for research and publication purposes. The study was conducted in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 ethical guidelines and its later amendments.
