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Article History

Received: 25 April 2021

Accepted: 14 June 2021

First Online: 25 June 2021

Compliance with ethical standards

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of Beijing Children’s Hospital (2020-Z-102).

: No financial or non-financial benefits have been received or will be received from any party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. Professor Mary Fewtrell receives an unrestricted donation for research on infant nutrition from Philips. The remaining authors declare no other conflicts.

: Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.