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Authors
Ji, Xiaopeng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6977-3883
Fang, Xun https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9363-0623
Leung, Patrick W. L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0415-0124
Liu, Jianghong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-6153
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01-ES018858, K01-ES015877, K02-ES019878)
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Article History
Received: 26 April 2025
Revised: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 29 October 2025
Declarations
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: The research team obtained Institutional Review Board (IRB: 811114) approval from both the University of Pennsylvania and the ethical committee for research at Jintan Hospital in China. Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from participants’ parents or legal guardians.
: No financial or non-financial benefits have been received or will be received from any party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
