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Article History

Received: 31 May 2023

Revised: 17 August 2023

Accepted: 3 September 2023

First Online: 16 November 2023

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: No animal testing was performed during this study. This study was conducted in compliance with all relevant policies and procedures of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).

: All necessary permits for sampling and observational field studies have been obtained by the authors from the competent authorities and are mentioned in the acknowledgements, if applicable. The study is compliant with CBD and Nagoya protocols.

: The sequences generated during the current study are available in the GenBank repository, accession numbers OQ940852-OQ940857.

: M.C. acquired the data. M.C. and S.V. performed the analyses. A.A. contributed to barnacle identification. F.B. provided host identification. M.C., F.B., D.M., S.V., and T.I.T. conceived the manuscript. M.C. wrote the original draft of the manuscript. S.V. and G.P. provided valuable comments to the manuscript. F.B., D.M., A.A., and T.I.T supervised the work and reviewed and edited the manuscript. F.B. and G.P. provided funding for the study. All authors read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.