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Article History

Received: 7 August 2023

Revised: 16 November 2023

Accepted: 17 November 2023

First Online: 15 December 2023

Declarations

:

: Authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

: All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for animal testing, animal care, and use of animals were followed by the authors.

: All necessary permits for sampling and observational field studies have been obtained by the authors from the competent authorities and are mentioned in the acknowledgements, if applicable.

: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files.

: TK (Tatsuki Koido) conceived and designed the research. TK (Tatsuki Koido) and TK (Takaya Kitamura) did field studies and TK (Tatsuki Koido) identified specimens of gorgonians. TK (Tatsuki Koido) wrote the manuscript and all authors read and approved the manuscript.