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Authors
Hakim, Agus A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1509-7012
Jamodiong, Emmeline A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-1531
Manzano, Geminne G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-1539
Tabalanza, Tracy D. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6977-6437
Komeda, Sota
Uyeno, Daisuke https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1206-5699
Nakamura, Takashi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0660-4828
Anraku, Marin
Kumekawa, Michihiro
Kurihara, Haruko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-8574
Reimer, James D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0453-8804
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Article History
Received: 9 January 2025
Revised: 20 June 2025
Accepted: 1 July 2025
First Online: 1 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for animal testing, animal care and use of animals were followed by the authors.
: No permits are needed for sampling and collection of this species in Okinawa, Japan.
: Data and materials that support the findings of this research are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
: AAH conceived and designed the research. MA, MK, and HK conducted initial surveys and histological examinations. AAH, EAJ, GGM, and TDT conducted the spawning observation and spawn collection. TDT conducted larval development and settlement observations. AAH conducted molecular analyses. SK and DU identified the copepod species. JDR, HK, and TN provided supervision and materials. All authors analyzed the data. AAH wrote the manuscript. All authors read, edited, and approved the manuscript.
