Beidollahkhani, Arash https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8295-7142
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gerda Henkel Foundation (AZ 36/FI/23)
Article History
Received: 21 February 2025
Revised: 29 March 2026
Accepted: 19 April 2026
First Online: 6 June 2026
Declarations
:
: The author has no conflict of interest to report.
: This study was conducted in full compliance with the ethical guidelines and regulations set forth by Springer and The Asia-Pacific Education review. All research procedures adhered to the ethical principles of the University of Manchester and the Hannah Arendt Institute for Totalitarianism Studies at TU Dresden. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and strict confidentiality measures were implemented to protect the anonymity of interviewees, ensuring adherence to global ethical research standards. This research did not involve any experiments on human participants or animals.
: All participants provided consent for the publication of study findings.