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Article History

Received: 10 October 2024

Accepted: 3 May 2025

First Online: 19 May 2025

Declarations

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: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. Additional information Figure 1: HS-AFM image reproduced with permission from Nishide et al., . Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. Figure 2: HS-AFM image reproduced with permission from Mohamed et al., . Copyright 2020, Elsevier. Figure 3: HS-AFM images reproduced with permission from Nishide et al., . Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. Figure 4: HS-AFM images reproduced with permission from Nishide et al., and Nishide et al., . Copyright 2025, 2021, American Chemical Society; and from Nishide et al., . Copyright 2025, Oxford University Press. Figure 5: HS-AFM images reproduced with permission from Lim et al., . Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society; Sajidah et al., . Copyright 2022, Wiley-VCH GmbH; and Lim et al., . Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society.