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Authors
Gomes, Sávio Marcelino https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6320-2502
de Carvalho, Aline Martins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4900-5609
Machado, Alisson Diego https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-5405
De Carli, Eduardo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2900-8797
Ferreira, Mariana Alves https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-6933
Jacob, Michelle Cristine Medeiros https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-7285
Marchioni, Dirce Maria Lobo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-5779
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (402334/2021-3)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (306755/2021-1)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (444588/2023-0)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (305750/2023-2)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (406774/2022-6)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (405123/2023-0)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2022/03091-6)
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Article History
Received: 25 November 2024
Accepted: 15 September 2025
First Online: 30 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study used secondary data that are publicly available and de-identified. The Research Ethics Committee of the Institute of Social Medicine at the State University of Rio de Janeiro approved the exemption of ethical review (approval number 4,316,087), in accordance with Resolution No. 46/2012 and Operational Rule No. 001/2013 of the Brazilian National Health Council. All participants provided informed consent at the time of data collection, as part of the original survey protocol.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
