Document is current

Article History

Received: 25 August 2020

Revised: 15 October 2020

Accepted: 21 October 2020

First Online: 7 November 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

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: Tetsuari Onishi has received speaker honoraria from Bayer, Medtronic, General Electric, Otsuka, Bristol-Myers, Daiichi Sankyo, and Abbott. Yoko Fukuda has received a speaker honorarium from Philips. Hirotsugu Yamada has received a manuscript fee from US-lead, and has received speaker honoraria from Daiichi-Sankyo, Bayer, Ono, Otsuka, Cannon, and Hitachi. Hidekazu Tanaka has received research grants from Novartis and has received speaker honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, AstraZeneca, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Taisho Pharma, TOA EIYO, Bayer, Ono, General Electric, Daiichi Sankyo, Novartis, Teijin, Merck, Sekisui Medical, and Philips. Jiro Sakamoto has received speaker honoraria from Bayer, Bristol-Myers, Daiichi Sankyo, and Pfizer. Masao Daimon has received speaker honoraria from Janssen, Cannon, Philips, and General Electronics. Akiko Nonaka has received speaker honoraria from Bristol-Myers, Bayer, Daiichi-Sankyo, and Phizer. Makoto Akaishi is a member of independent committee of Kowa Kirin CoLtd. Chisato Izumi has received speaker honoraria from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Edwards Lifesciences, Cannon Medical Systems, Daiichi-Sankyo Company, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Toa Eiyo LTD, MSD, Pfizer, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Teijin, Tsumura, and Novartis, and has received research grants from Daiichi-Sankyo Company, Cannon Medical Systems, Teijin, Pfizer, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Japan, and AstraZeneca. Sakiko Miyazaki, and Satoshi Nakatani declare that they have no conflict of interest.