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Authors
Mncube, Temnotfo L.
Phiri, Ethel E.
Rugare, Joyful T.
Mloza-Banda, Henry R.
Pieterse, Petrus J.
Mothapo, Palesa N.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of South Africa
Stellenbosch University
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Article History
Received: 5 February 2026
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 21 April 2026
Declarations
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: This research was conducted in accordance with Stellenbosch University’s ethical research policy. Permission to conduct the study was granted by the University Research Ethics Committee (REC:FESCAGRI-2020–18829) prior to data collection. Farmers participating in the study were sent a consent form via a link via WhatsApp messaging or by email. The consent form requested their participation in the study and permission to access their fields. Sensitive information, such as personal contact details, was kept separate and accessed only by the author. The natural grasslands were accessed with permission from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Kingdom of Eswatini and with the help of extension officers.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
