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Authors
Finatto, Arthur Nery
Nguyen, Vy
Nguyen, Phuong Trang
Bourgault, Steve
de Oliveira Costa, Matheus
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN 06353-2020)
Ministry of Agriculture - Saskatchewan (20220106)
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Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 4 March 2026
Declarations
Ethical Approval: This study did not involve human participants, use of human biological materials, or multidrug-resistant microorganisms. The blood used in the experiments was porcine, commercially sourced from a certified laboratory, and not collected specifically for this study. As such, ethical approval was not required under institutional or national guidelines.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
