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Authors
Kowalski, Layza https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1767-8972
Colucci, Anna C. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-4065
dos Santos, Juliana B. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9169-2631
Vuaden, Beatriz W. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7155-680X
Herlinger, Alice L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7660-7058
Hallak, Jaime E. C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-0189
Zuardi, Antônio W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0479-6670
Crippa, José A. S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9520-6746
de Lima, Maria N. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-6373
Schröder, Nadja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4227-5702
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul
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Article History
Received: 12 December 2025
Revised: 14 August 2026
Accepted: 20 August 2026
First Online: 28 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: JAC is a member of the International Advisory Board of the Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE) – National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). JAC and JEH have received travel support to attend scientific meetings and personal consultation fees from BSPG-Pharm. JAC, JEH and AWZ are coinventors of the patent “Fluorinated CBD compounds, compositions and uses thereof. Pub. No.: WO/2014/108899. International Application No.: PCT/IL2014/050023; Def. US Reg. No. 62/193,296; July 29, 2015; INPI No. BR1120150164927 (Mechoulam R, Zuardi AW, Kapczinski F, Hallak JEC, Guimaraes FS, Crippa JAS, Breuer A). The Universidade de São Paulo (USP) has licensed this patent to Phytecs Pharm (USP Resolution No. 15.1.130002.1.1) and has an agreement with Prati-Donaduzzi to develop a pharmaceutical product containing synthetic CBD for epilepsy, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease and anxiety disorders. JAC, JEH and AWZ are also coinventors of the patent “Cannabinoid-containing oral pharmaceutical composition, method for preparing and using same”, INPI filed Sept 16 2016 (BR 112018005423-2). JAC has received personal consultation fees from EaseLabs, BSPG-Pharm and PurMed Global. JAC has received speaking fees from Torrent, Aché, Green Care Store, Janssen and consultation/speaking fees from EaseLabs.All other authors declare that they have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. All other authors declare that they have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
