Sun, Yushu https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9560-1190
Han, Miejeong https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3236-0163
Funding for this research was provided by:
Korean Association of Advertising & Public Relations
Macromill Embrain
Article History
Received: 29 September 2024
Accepted: 6 August 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors have no interest to disclose.
: Participation in this study was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable. This study does not include any identifiable data requiring consent for publication.
: This is an observational study. The ethical approval for this study was exempted by the Hanyang University Institutional Review Board (HYUIRB-202311-030).