Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12502330)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12521002)
the National Research Foundation of Korea (No. RS-2020-NR049569)
the Shanghai Sci-tech Co-research Program (25HB2700400)
Article History
Received: 5 December 2025
Revised: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026