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First Online: 22 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. This study meets the regulatory criteria for a waiver of consent; thus, patient consent was not obtained for this study given data was obtained from a global database. IRB not obtained since analysis was done using pre-existing anonymous data sets.

: This research carries no more than minimal risk to subjects: appropriate confidentiality measures were taken and there was no direct contact with subjects included, given this was a database study.

: We give consent for our manuscript to be published in the Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.

: Deepika Devuni has received grant funding from Sequana Medical and grant funding from National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism both of which are unrelated to the present work and funding from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MA DPH), all unrelated to the present work. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

: The authors are solely responsible for the data and the contents of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members, the Indian Society of Gastroenterology or the printer/publishers are responsible for the results/findings and content of this article.