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Article History

Accepted: 9 April 2025

First Online: 21 May 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study did not involve direct human or animal participation.

: We did not perform any Human trials.

: The study limitations and prospects fall linearly, where the study utilized 3T3 Fibroblast cells for in vitro, but the efficacy of the patch could be better analyzed with an in vivo experimental approach. The propolis incorporated in this analysis was collected from Chennai, so the geographical origin will have its variance, and the species of the bee will also have an impact on the qualitative result, which could alter the result. Further, for large-scale production, electrospinning may not be a wise choice, so the incorporation of suitable characterization could be employed for large-scale production in the future. The short-term and long-term effects of cytotoxicity and biocompatibility in human tissue are the prospects of this study.