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Article History

Received: 4 August 2025

Accepted: 10 December 2025

First Online: 16 January 2026

Declarations

:

: for Ex vivo, Dermatokinetic study and skin irritancy study were conducted using SD rat. The animals were only used in study after receiving approval from government of India’s CPCSEA (Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision on Animal Experiments) and the university’s animal ethics committee gave their official approval (Protocol No. IAEC/RCPIPER/2024-25/41).

: after receiving clearance from the institutional animal ethics committee, we designed and carried out animal investigations (Protocol No. IAEC/RCPIPER/2024-25/41).Every step of the animal research was carried out in accordance with the guidelines established by the CPCSEA. In the manuscript, we have cited the same reference number. A copy of the permission letter is also included in this file using the Article Content Head attachment facility.

: for this research, the authors of this research planned and carried out an animal study not a human study. In order to conduct research on humans, consent forms are a necessary prerequisite.

: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used ChatGPT in order to checking and correcting Grammers in sentences. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.