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Article History

Accepted: 13 June 2022

First Online: 7 July 2022

Declarations

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: This study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments and modifications or comparable ethical standards. It was submitted and approved by the University of Oxford Research Ethics Committee (ref. number: ER67367/RE001), respecting all the criteria for all research conducted on human beings.

: All the study participants evidenced their agreement by signing the corresponding informed consent form. Participants could withdraw from the study at any time after they had filled out the questionnaires, on request.

: Mark Williams, Chris Cullen, and Ruth Baer are affiliated with the Oxford Mindfulness Centre and receive occasional payments for training workshops and presentations related to mindfulness. Ruth Baer and Chris Cullen both have part-time employment with the Oxford Mindfulness Centre. Mark Williams and Ruth Baer also receive royalties for several books related to mindfulness. At the outset of the study, Laura Taylor, Emma Medlicott, Kath De Wilde, and Lucy Radley were affiliated with the Oxford Mindfulness Centre and funded by the Wellcome Trust on a strategic award exploring the role of mindfulness training in adolescence. They do not receive additional remuneration for training workshops or presentations related to mindfulness. Barbara Gerber, Mandy Johnson, Linda Kantor, Janine Kirby, and Matthew Watkin are affiliated to the Institute of Mindfulness South Africa and receive payment as mindfulness teachers as well as occasional payments for training workshops and presentations related to mindfulness. Melanie Fennell was a former member of The Department of Psychiatry at the University of Oxford and associated with the Oxford Mindfulness Centre. She receives occasional payments for training workshops and presentations related to mindfulness, and royalties from a book related to mindfulness. Helen Ma was formerly Director of the Hong Kong Mindfulness Centre and is associated with the Oxford Mindfulness Centre as their China Advisor. Ee-Lin Ong and Andy Phee are affiliated to the Oxford Mindfulness Centre as Teaching Partners, and receive payment as mindfulness teachers as well as occasional payments for training workshops and presentations related to mindfulness. Rebecca Crane is Director of the Bangor University Centre for Mindfulness Research and Practice, School of Psychology, and receives royalties from two books related to mindfulness. Danny Penman is an independent scholar and author and receives occasional payments for training workshops and presentations related to mindfulness. He also receives royalties for several books related to mindfulness. John Peacock and Martine Batchelor receive occasional payments for retreats, trainings, and presentations related to mindfulness and Buddhist psychology.