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Authors
Wang, Guangpeng
Guan, Minhui
Li, Rong
He, Tan
Luo, Lan
Hu, Sijie
Wang, Binglu
Liu, Dan
Lei, Jun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hunan Provincial Health and Health High-level Talents Major Scientific Research Project (R2023033)
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Article History
Accepted: 19 October 2025
First Online: 15 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University (No.: E2022216).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Artificial intelligence was used to assist in writing and optimizing. The authors carefully reviewed and verified all code and results.
