Kock, Merle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-6321
Walentynowicz, Marta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-7943
Van der Gucht, Katleen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-4131
Raes, Filip https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-2806
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (G049019N)
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (11I1624N)
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (12W6420N)
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (I011320N)
Research Fund KU Leuven (AKUL/19/06)
Article History
Accepted: 12 December 2025
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Social and Societal Ethics Committee KU Leuven (G-2020-01-1944).
: Informed consent to participate and publish their data was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: KVdG and FR are founders and members of the managing committee of the Leuven Mindfulness Consortium Fund; FR receives payments for workshops and presentations related to mindfulness. The authors declare that they have no other competing interests.
: AI was used for editing the manuscript to improve the English language.