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Authors
Chen, Dong-Tai https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1410-6432
Nien, Jui-Ti https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3747-3154
Chen, Hsueh-Chih https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2043-0190
Gill, Diane L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6427-4703
Yang, Yun-Rui https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7686-4544
Hsieh, Wei-Li https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9525-0641
Hung, Tsung-Min https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8118-0837
Chang, Yu-Kai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-5706
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Taiwan Normal University
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Article History
Received: 9 November 2025
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 22 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of National Taiwan Normal University (202112HM023).
: The study obtained voluntary informed consent from all participants.
: AI was used to edit the manuscript to adjust English grammar typos.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
