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Intentional Slow Breathing Versus Spontaneous Breathing During Mindfulness Meditation Differentially Affects Electroencephalographic Oscillations and Skin Conductance

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-026-02883-x

Published Online: 2026-05-26

Published Print: 2026-08

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Duda, Alexander T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-7566
Clarke, Adam R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3516-0413
Barry, Robert J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2734-9475
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

The University of Wollongong
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-05-26

Version of Record valid from 2026-05-26
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Article History

Received: 8 August 2025

Accepted: 18 May 2026

First Online: 26 May 2026

Declarations

Ethics Approval: The research protocol was approved by the combined Illawarra Area Health/University of Wollongong Human Research Ethics Committee (2020/363).

Informed Consent: All participants provided written informed consent before beginning the study.

Use of Artificial Intelligence: During the preparation of this work, ChatGPT (GPT-4o) was used to assist with language, grammar, proofreading, and readability. All content was subsequently reviewed and edited, with the corresponding author taking full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the publication.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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