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Article History

Received: 7 March 2024

Accepted: 14 August 2024

First Online: 29 August 2024

Declarations

:

: Tissue biopsies from 3114 patients were retrospectively collected, and representative tumor specimens were selected for incorporation into TMAs. All tissue samples were collected with approval from the Yale Human Investigation Committee protocol #9505008219. Written informed consent or a waiver of consent was obtained from all patients with the approval of the Yale Human Investigation Committee, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: This study was conducted following the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All procedures involving human participants were approved by the Yale Human Investigation Committee under protocol #9505008219. The study did not include animal experiments.

: David L. Rimm has served as an advisor for Astra Zeneca, Agendia, Amgen, BMS, Cell Signaling Technology, Cepheid, Daiichi Sankyo, Genoptix/Novartis, GSK, Konica Minolta, Merck, NanoString, PAIGE.AI, Perkin Elmer, Roche, Sanofi, Ventana and Ultivue. Astra Zeneca, Cepheid, NavigateBP, NextCure, Nanostring, Lilly, and Ultivue fund research in David L. Rimm’s lab. He participated in Advisory Board meetings for Pfizer and Novartis and received a travel grant from Roche. Kurt A. Schalper is supported by a Yale SPORE in Lung Cancer (P50CA196530) Career Development Program award and a Lung Cancer Research Foundation grant. Kurt A. Schalper is also supported by a Stand Up to Cancer—American Cancer Society Lung Cancer Dream Team Translational Research Grant (SU2C-AACR-DT1715).