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Article History

Received: 26 November 2024

Accepted: 18 March 2025

First Online: 29 March 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (National Cancer Center Hospital Institutional Review Board [IRB]-approved waiver of informed consent or following informed consent for molecular and clinicopathologic analyses within the IRB-approved protocol 2019–090) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

: Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

: Zachary A. Cooper reports employment and ownership of stock/shares in AstraZeneca. Ying Wang reports employment and ownership of stock/shares in AstraZeneca. Philip L. Martin reports employment and ownership of stock/shares in AstraZeneca. Rakesh Kumar reports employment and ownership of stock/shares in AstraZeneca. Ken Kato reports serving on advisory councils or committees for BeiGene, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Merck and Co; receiving honoraria from Merck and Co, Ono Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol Myers Squibb; and receiving grants or funds from Ono Pharmaceuticals. Shun Yamamoto reports serving on advisory councils or committees HOKUTO and Ono Pharmaceuticals; and receiving honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Ono Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Taiho Pharmaceutical. Shigeki Sekine reports receiving honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme and Roche. Other authors do not have any conflict of interest.