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Authors
Aslam, Akhmed
Refaat, Bassem
Almaimani, Riyad A.
Obaid, Ahmad A.
Mujalli, Abdulrahman
Farrash, Wesam F.
Elzubier, Mohamed E.
Idris, Shakir
Salaka, Afnan
Almalki, Ahmed H.
Alkhaldi, Mofareh Y.
Asiri, Hassan A.
Baqassi, Mohammad A.
Alhanash, Ali M.
Hakmi, Othman M.
Minshawi, Faisal
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Umm Al-Qura University (25UQU4320045GSSR01, 25UQU4320045GSSR01, 25UQU4320045GSSR01, 25UQU4320045GSSR01, 25UQU4320045GSSR01, 25UQU4320045GSSR01, 25UQU4320045GSSR01)
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Article History
Received: 21 January 2025
Accepted: 21 April 2025
First Online: 29 April 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia (Approval No. 19–498) prior to the retrieval of archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. All experimental procedures involving human archived tissues were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the ethical guidelines of the King Abdullah Medical City Institutional Review Board. In line with KAMC’s institutional ethics policies, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the KAMC IRB due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymised archived tissue samples.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
