Document is current

Article History

Received: 15 January 2025

Accepted: 3 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study adheres to the ethical guidelines and policies of this journal. All data utilized, including TCGA-CESC, GSE44001, and GSE168652 datasets, were publicly available and de-identified, ensuring compliance with privacy and confidentiality regulations. No human or animal subjects were directly involved in this research. Ethical approval for the use of these datasets was not required as per institutional and regulatory standards.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.