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Article History

Received: 7 March 2025

Accepted: 4 July 2025

First Online: 28 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Written informed consents were acquired from all patients. The study protocol was confirmed by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Hospital (2021[114 K]). This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. To ensure the accuracy and scientific validity of the research results, patients were selected based on a defined range of tumor sizes. Animals were housed and operated in strict compliance with the ethical principles of animal experimentation, and the operations were approved by the Animal Care Board of Zhejiang Hospital (2022[065 K]). All animal experiments complied with the National Institutes of Health Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. According to the Animal Care Board of the Zhejiang Hospital, the weight of the tumor in this mouse experiment did not exceed 10% of the normal body weight, and the diameter of the tumor on the body surface of adult mice did not exceed 20 mm in any direction.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.