Eldeen, Muhammad Alaa
Mostafa, Abdelrahman
Mamdouh, Farag
Abdulsahib, Waleed K.
Alshaya, Dalal Sulaiman
Fayad, Eman
Otifi, Hassan M.
Hassan, Hesham M.
Alshehri, Mohammed
Althobaiti, Aiysha
Alsharif, Ghadi
Soltan, Mohamed A.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNURSP2025R465)
The Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University (RGP2/373/46)
Article History
Received: 28 May 2025
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 13 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This study is based on secondary analysis of publicly available, de-identified datasets (TCGA, GTEx, GEO), which had already received ethical approval from the original studies. Not applicable. No new patient data or samples were collected in this study.
: Irrelevant.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: Irrelevant.
: The authors declare no competing interests.