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Authors
Wu, Gongping
Fan, Chengwei
Ma, Xueming
Yao, Dongnuan
Yu, Weitao
Tian, Junqiang
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Article History
Received: 25 July 2025
Accepted: 18 October 2025
First Online: 18 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was based on publicly available transcriptomic and clinical data from the TCGA-BLCA and GEO-GSE13507, GSE32894 datasets. As per the guidelines for using public datasets, formal ethical approval from an institutional review board and individual patient consent were not required for this study. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
